Pain medication may be prescribed to help manage the discomfort. Rest may be recommended for a day or two to allow the symptoms to fully resolve. However, in some cases, a cyst may be located near a significant blood vessel, and its rupture may cause severe bleeding. With instances like these, hospitalization and surgery may be needed to stop the hemorrhage and prevent additional blood loss.
If left untreated, the bleeding can lead to a serious condition known as hemoperitoneum in which blood accumulates in the space between the inner lining of the abdominal wall and the internal organs. No treatment may be needed for a ruptured ovarian cyst other than comfort measures. But if severe bleeding occurs, surgery may be needed to stop the blood loss. There is no way to prevent an ovarian cyst from rupturing. With that being said, if your healthcare provider finds one during a routine exam, he or she may recommend a watch-and-wait approach to see if the cyst increases in size or goes away on its own.
If the cyst is large and already causing discomfort, a medical professional may recommend laparoscopic "keyhole" surgery to remove the growth. It is an in-hospital procedure and one that should not be confused with a cystectomy the removal of the bladder. If you experience severe or persistent abdominal or pelvic pain , you should have it evaluated by your healthcare provider immediately or seek emergency care.
There is no way to diagnose a condition by either the location of the pain or type of pain experienced. While the rupture of an ovarian cyst is rarely life-threatening, an ectopic pregnancy can be. Delayed treatment can result in severe blood loss, shock, and even death.
Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. Review of cases of ovarian cysts. Saudi Med J. Postcoital hemoperitoneum caused by ruptured corpus luteal cyst: a hidden etiology.
J Surg Case Rep. A review of ovary torsion. Successful conservative management of ruptured ovarian cysts with hemoperitoneum in healthy women. Won HR, Abbott J. Optimal management of chronic cyclical pelvic pain: an evidence-based and pragmatic approach.
Int J Womens Health. Hemoperitoneum from corpus luteal cyst rupture: a practical approach in emergency room. Case Rep Emerg Med. Kim, J. If you have sudden, sharp belly pain, see a provider right away. If you know that you have an ovarian cyst, be aware that it can rupture and need treatment. Your provider will ask about your medical history and your symptoms. Be sure to tell the provider if you know that you have an ovarian cyst.
You will also have a physical exam. This will likely include a pelvic exam. If your provider thinks you may have a ruptured cyst, you may need tests. These tests can help rule out other possible causes of your symptoms, such as an ectopic pregnancy, appendicitis, or a kidney stone.
Some of these tests may include:. If you need surgery for your cyst, your healthcare provider will tell you how to prepare. Management of a ruptured ovarian cyst depends on whether it is complex. A regular cyst is a simple fluid-filled sac. A complex cyst may have solid areas, bumps on the surface, or several areas filled with fluid. Many women have functional ovarian cysts. Most of these are not complex. A ruptured cyst that is not complex can be treated with pain medicine.
You may be told to watch your symptoms over time. In some cases, you may need to have follow-up ultrasound tests. You may not need any other treatment. If you have a complex ruptured ovarian cyst, you may need care in the hospital. Your treatment may include:.
If you need surgery, your provider may use a minimally invasive method. This is called a laparoscopy. The provider makes small cuts incisions in your belly while you are under anesthesia. A tiny lighted camera and other small tools are put through these incisions.
The provider controls the bleeding and removes any blood clots or fluid. The tools are then removed. The incisions are closed and bandaged. If the provider does not use laparoscopy, the surgery will be done with larger incisions. If your ruptured ovarian cyst is not complex, you will likely continue your care at home. You can use pain medicines as needed. Your pain should go away in a few days. Let your provider know right away if you your pain gets worse, if you feel dizzy, or have new symptoms.
Follow up with your provider if you need imaging or blood tests. If you have a complex ruptured ovarian cyst, you may need to stay in the hospital for 1 or more days.
If your cyst is no longer bleeding, you may be able to go home. You may need follow-up imaging tests to make sure that your bleeding has stopped and to see if the cyst needs surgery to rule out cancer. If you had surgery, you will be told how to care for your wound and bandage. You may need to limit your physical activity for a while. Your healthcare team will give you more information. In rare cases, a ruptured ovarian cyst is caused by cancer. This will need careful follow-up treatment from a doctor who specializes in cancer care.
You may need surgery and other therapies. When the blastocyst reaches the uterus, it implants in the lining of the uterus and pregnancy begins. If the egg isn't fertilized, it's simply reabsorbed by the body — perhaps before it even reaches the uterus.
About two weeks later, the lining of the uterus sheds through the vagina. This is known as menstruation. Some women develop less common types of cysts that a doctor finds during a pelvic exam.
Cystic ovarian masses that develop after menopause might be cancerous malignant. That's why it's important to have regular pelvic exams. Although there's no way to prevent ovarian cysts, regular pelvic exams help ensure that changes in your ovaries are diagnosed as early as possible.
Be alert to changes in your monthly cycle, including unusual menstrual symptoms, especially ones that persist for more than a few cycles. Talk to your doctor about changes that concern you. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Female reproductive system Open pop-up dialog box Close. Female reproductive system The ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina vaginal canal make up the female reproductive system.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Follicular cyst Open pop-up dialog box Close. Follicular cyst A follicular cyst occurs when the follicle of the ovary doesn't rupture or release its egg. Corpus luteum cyst Open pop-up dialog box Close.
Corpus luteum cyst Abnormal changes in the follicle of the ovary after an egg has been released can cause the egg's escape opening to seal off. More Information Ovarian cysts and infertility: A connection?
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